Physiotherapy for osteonecrosis, depending on the patient's condition, is used in combination with drug therapy and independently. For osteonecrosis, the following types of physiotherapy are used: Laser therapy, Detenzor - therapy, Electrotherapy, Shockwave Therapy, Magnetic Therapy, Mud Therapy and Balance Therapy, Ultrasound therapy, Ultraviolet irradiation (UFO). After successful exacerbation, massage and physical therapy exercises are shown.
UFOS:Under the action of UVA rays, vitamin D is formed in the skin, helping to absorb calcium. The method is performed by a beam projector with bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects.
Ultrasound therapy and electrophoresis:during ultrasound treatment, the body is exposed to high-frequency sounds (from 20 kHz or more). Due to its effect, this method relieves the pain of various loci. This method is combined with the introduction of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (ultraphonophoresis) so that they better penetrate the affected tissues.
Shockwave therapy:This method involves transmitting sound waves to painful areas of the body. This type: eliminates pain, improves microcirculation, improves metabolism.
Detentor therapy:This method involves stretching the spine using the patient's body weight.
Laser therapy:This method has a curative effect using a helium-neon laser. Due to the activation of bioelectrical processes in the tissues of the nervous system, laser therapy has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Laser radiation is performed along the inflamed spinal roots. With osteonecrosis, impact on the vertebral regions of the affected spine is used.
Electrotherapy:Electrotherapy has a multifaceted effect on the body: it eliminates pain and discomfort, improves the nutrition and nutritional properties of the affected tissues. Pulsed current has a very effective healing effect. Their mechanism of action in the body is determined by their action on nerve receptors. Low-frequency impulses contribute to the suppression of acute pain and are prescribed as first aid for severe pain syndromes. The following types of currents are used: diadynamic therapy (DDT), amplipulse therapy (SMT), interventional therapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), UHF electric fields.
Magnetic therapy:Physiotherapy for osteonecrosis includes the use of magnetic therapy, which has a decongestant, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic effect. The chokes are placed over the spine and affected limbs.
Balneotherapy and Mud Therapy:Therapeutic balneotherapy for osteonecrosis involves the use of mineral water (local and communal baths, pools, showers) for therapeutic and rehabilitation purposes. During the treatment, the minerals penetrate the skin and act on the receptors and nerve centers.
When treating with mud, the effect on the body occurs under the influence of temperature and chemical composition of the healing mud. Sludge is used in the form of applications.
Balance therapy stimulates metabolism, improves blood circulation, and reduces inflammation and pain.
Combined physiotherapy: Combined physical therapy methods for osteonecrosis are most commonly indicated. For example, with severe pain, diadynamic therapy and electrophoresis (diadynamophoresis) with the use of novocaine are used. For one-step impact on biologically active sites, the acupuncture-laser method is used. Its action is to activate the points with acupuncture needles and laser radiation.
Mud therapy is often used with electrotherapy (slurry electrophoresis, mud electrophoresis, galvanic mud therapy).
Joint treatment
All joint diseases can be divided into two main groups - joint damage, arising from metabolic disorders, and arthritis. Of course, in each case, joint treatment is carried out according to its own special program.
joint treatment,Whether it is arthritis, rheumatism, rheumatism or other diseases, it is necessarily complex and the main task to be addressed by treatment is to eliminate the cause of the disease and, therefore, the painful symptoms. .
Treatment with modern techniques aims to eliminate or minimize pain, signs of local or general inflammation, and restore the affected joints. Complex treatment usually begins with drug therapy.
Patients are prescribed pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs that help restore joint cartilage, strengthen the immune system. Treating the joint at this stage can relieve painful symptoms. Typically, it involves administering medication in the joint so that the therapeutic agent at the desired concentration enters the cavity of the diseased joint. This increases the effectiveness of drug treatment.
Moreover, when the main symptoms of the acute phase are safely eliminated, treatment continues with the help of a complex of physiotherapeutic procedures, therapeutic exercises, massage. In particular, the treatment of joints by physical therapy today is very widely applied.
Pulsed currents (DDT, SMT), magnetic therapy, EHF therapy, laser therapy, drug electrophoresis, ultrasound, and electrophoresis are used. When the exacerbation subsides, sauna therapy (various types of baths) and mud therapy are linked. Physical therapy and massage are prescribed.
Back pain treatment
There are many reasons for this pain. First of all, severe pain can appear due to herniated (protruding) discs, osteonecrosis and pathologies of the nervous system. Usually, back pain occurs in people who have been in the same position for a long time.
And the most common reason is lack of physical activity! This reduces blood flow to ligaments, joints, and discs, causing the cartilage that forms them to begin to break down. It is the weakening of the ligamentous apparatus that is the cause of all diseases of the spine. When pain occurs, you should immediately see a doctor to determine the cause, make an accurate diagnosis, and prescribe treatment.
To reduce your risk of back pain, you need to move more, watch your weight, and exercise at least (15 minutes a day is enough).
Proper nutrition is also important - it is one of the keys to good health and longevity, and the spine needs protein to stay supple and calcium to build strength. Calcium is found in large amounts in hard cheese, liver, nuts, cottage cheese, eggs, and protein in meat and dairy products. The bones and ligaments of the spine also need trace elements: phosphorus (which is abundant in bran, peas, fish), magnesium and manganese (they are found in sea fish, onions, potatoes), as well asfatty acids - theirs. Sources are walnuts, fatty sea fish and olive oil.
As back pain worsens, treatment begins with medication — usually pain relievers, diuretics, and muscle spasms. However, there is no medicine that is free of side effects, only used for a limited time and most importantly, does not eliminate the cause of back pain and does not prevent recurrence. During the acute phase, treatments such as traction, as well as wearing collars and corsets are also used to help soothe the affected spine.
In addition to emergency medicine - pain relievers and muscle spasms, the most important treatment for osteosarcoma is physiotherapy, which helps relieve pain in the acute phase of the disease, improves blood circulation in tissues, preventsMalnutrition of ligaments, muscles and joints. and prevent movement disorders.
Modern physiotherapy is a branch of medicine that has a powerful arsenal of therapeutic tools; Two large blocks are distinguished in it - physiotherapeutic exercises with massage and electrotherapy. Massage therapy is one of the most effective methods for treating osteonecrosis and back pain, as it improves blood circulation in the deep tissues and removes muscle masses ("clamps"), which are the cause. main cause of severe pain.
One of the most effective methods of electrotherapy is drug electrophoresis - it is a means of targeted delivery of drugs to the diseased organ, which improves blood supply to tissues.
Pulse currents - DDT, SMT - have obvious analgesic, antispasmodic and nourishing effects. In addition, a laser, a magnetic laser is used to treat back pain. This method allows you to quickly reduce swelling caused by inflammation, and as a result, pain occurs in edematous and compressed tissues.
Magnetic therapy is used in the form of a permanent or alternating magnetic field, it also has the ability to quickly relieve swelling and pain.
Effective D'arsonval current - this is an "ozonized" current used to relieve painful muscle spasms, high frequency ultrasonic vibrations help eliminate inflammation and help scars dissolve, increasing the intensitytissue elasticity.
Physiotherapy has a special role in physical therapy. Its importance is often underestimated, and after all, without an adequate muscle corset it is impossible to cure back pain and prevent the recurrence of osteonecrosis.
Physiotherapy is of particular importance in the trauma and postoperative period. Its use will help prevent the recurrence of back pain that occurs due to the so-called "motor pattern". For example, an office worker who spends his workday sitting in front of a computer, or a salesperson whose primary workload falls on his feet. Regular strength training, yoga, Pilates, and other types of exercise can also become a very effective way to combat "automotiveness".
Neck pain treatment
Pain can have many different causes, from muscle spasms to herniated discs in the cervical spine. If neck pain only occurs once (due to strong head turning, uncomfortable sleeping position) it will most likely go away on its own in a few days.
To relieve pain, simply reduce the static load on your neck muscles (don't tilt your head for a long time), don't overexert yourself, and don't make sudden neck movements.
If neck pain is persistent or recurrent, accompanied by headache, numbness in the upper extremities, you need to see a full doctor.
Physical therapy for neck pain aims to relieve pain syndrome, improve blood circulation and microcirculation in the affected segment, provide anti-inflammatory and anti-edema effect, eliminate metabolic disorders and dystrophy, reducemovement disorder.
Physical factors are used during the inpatient and outpatient phases, after the patient's discharge, as well as in the early rehabilitation period after surgery. In the acute phase: after 4-5 days (when the severity of the process subsides), laser therapy, pulsed currents (SMT, DDT, interferential currents), magnetic therapy, UFO of the fecal areavertebral column and occipital region of the head, electrophoresis of substances is indicated for local anesthesia, blocking lymph nodes over painful areas.
In the subacute phase: drug electrophoresis, magnetic therapy, drug electrophoresis, microwave electromagnetic fields (SMV, UHF), laser therapy are used.
In the period of remission: connected heat therapy, including ozokerite and mud therapy for the cervical region, sauna therapy (iodine-bromine, turpentine baths, laurel baths, bischofite baths), bathsUnderwater-massage, therapeutic massage.
Low back pain treatment
The feeling of low back pain occurs due to the imbalance of the muscle-ligament apparatus. In this case, micro-metabolism of soft tissues occurs, as a result of which chemical irritants (pain mediators) are released excessively. They cause muscle spasms and back pain.
The origin of paralysis is mainly related to osteonecrosis, localized in the lumbar region. Dyskinesia is characterized by pain in the lower back with moderate or traumatic elements of paralysis: physical, systemic fatigue or overexertion; sharp movements; working continuously in a "non-physiological" position or staying in an uncomfortable position for a long time; lower back bruising, hypothermia, colds, etc. v.
The low back pain treatment program includes the following key points:
- Bed rest for eight to ten days. At the same time, the bed should be flat and firm. "Rest" on such a surface allows the back muscles to relax.
- Medical treatment for low back pain includes the use of sedatives and analgesics and the use of novocaine blockades (with increasingly severe pain).
From physical therapy methods, you can use pain medication electrophoresis, pulse transmission, ultraviolet irradiation of the stool. In the acute phase, patients may be prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of tablets, injections, suppositories or ointments that reduce muscle spasms. Warming cream can only be used during the recovery period (on the third day of the exacerbation). In the acute phase, they can cause swelling and increased pain.
- After the elimination of acute pain, treatment of low back pain is continued with the help of exercise therapy, massage and manual therapy.
The main task in this phase is to strengthen the muscle corset and reduce the compression of the nerve roots. Special exercises for low back pain help to normalize metabolism, improve blood circulation and nutrition of the discs, relieve muscle tension, increase disc space and relieve spinal pain.
In addition, at the stage of remission, acupuncture, hydromassage, mineral baths, mud therapy, and other physical therapy are indicated (see Treatment of Back Pain). As a result, blood circulation is improved, has an anti-inflammatory and restorative effect.
Physiotherapy treatment
Physiotherapy (from Greek - physics and therapy), a branch of medicine that studies the healing properties of physical elements and develops methods of using them for therapeutic purposesand backup. In modern physiotherapy, low, high, ultra high and super high frequency magnetic, electric and electromagnetic fields, artificial light radiation (from infrared to ultraviolet and combined monochromatic), mechanical motor (from infrasound to ultrasonic), v. v. used.
Physical factors have influenced man throughout its development, so physiotherapeutic procedures have a greater physiological effect on the body than many drugs.
Physiotherapy can be used alone and in combination with drug therapy, manual therapy, massage, and physical therapy exercises. The variety of factors and techniques used in physical therapy determine the individual's ability to affect the body and target the pathological process without negative side effects. .
The use of physiotherapy is possible in almost all areas of medicine: otolaryngology, gastroenterology, gynecology, urology, vascular, orthopedic and traumatology, neurology, surgery, cardiologycircuit and other fields.
There is a wide range of physiotherapeutic treatments, namely mud therapy, hydrotherapy (mineral and aromatic baths, underwater massage), magnetic therapy, laser therapy, various types of electric currents (electrical, pulse, high frequency), UHF electromagnetic waves, microwaves, EHF, inhalation of medicinal herbs, halotherapy, traction vibrator, physiotherapy room, qualified masseurs.
Also in the physiotherapy department, treatments with acupuncture, electrical stimulation for various neurological diseases are carried out. All physiotherapeutic treatments are assigned by the physiotherapist of the department, taking into account the patient's disease and general condition.
Rehabilitation
Medical rehabilitation is a complex of therapeutic and prophylactic measures, aimed at maximum recovery of the patient's lost capacity after various diseases.
Rehabilitation is also aimed at restoring the patient's muscle strength, as well as preventing recurrence or complications. Today, medical rehabilitation is not just about specifying any form of exercise after discharge or a course of physical therapy at the end of an inpatient stay.
Rehabilitation is a complex of activities involving the participation of doctors from different fields - physiotherapists, massage therapists, psychologists, speech therapists andthe others. As a result, complex rehabilitation allows the patient to make a full, rather than partial, recovery. The success of treatment depends both on the correct diagnosis and optimally selected and performed treatment, as well as on the correct and timely rehabilitation of the patient.
Rehabilitation has a single goal - to restore as fully as possible the lost functions in the patient, based on the existing consequences of the injury or illness and the course of treatment carried out.
Depending on the area of application, rehabilitation can be: Orthopedic - performed after trauma and surgery for diseases of the musculoskeletal system, fractures, spinal deformities and postural disorders. Neurology and neurosurgery is one of the most serious types of rehabilitation, since the largest number of specialists are involved in its implementation - neurologists, physiotherapists, therapistsmassage therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, etc. v.
This rehabilitation is necessary after injuries and operations on the nervous system (brain, spinal cord), with diseases of the peripheral nervous system (nerve bundles), stroke, paralysis and paralysis. Cardiovascular rehabilitation - rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction, with pathologies of the heart and blood vessels.
The goal of rehabilitation is to rapidly regenerate muscles atrophied due to prolonged physical inactivity, to restore limb strength and tone, and to restore full range of motion in the joints after injury. movement (after fracture), accelerates the regeneration process. of cartilage tissue, improve the nutritional properties of organ and bone tissues, increase mobility with adhesions in the abdominal cavity after laparotomy, increase the patient's general tone and improve the psychological state, reducepain and swelling after joint trauma, rehabilitation of physical activity after stroke, paralysis and paresis, as well as in the postoperative period in postoperative patients related to diseases and trauma of the musculoskeletal system (after trauma). injuries, fractures, bruises and sprains).
It is worth noting that the rehabilitation process itself is based on stimulating the patient's own capacity under external influences. Physical exercises and modern equipment help stimulate local and general immunity, improve tissue repair, and restore blood and lymph circulation.
Methods of medical rehabilitation include the following: gymnastics, massage, kinetic therapy, physical therapy, manual therapy, electrical stimulation (including improving impulse conductionneuromuscular), psychosocial support, speech therapy.
It should be noted that one of the key points of any rehabilitation process is physical therapy, which aims to restore lost functions and stimulate movement in the patient, promoting the process. recovery in tissues and organs, especially in the musculoskeletal, nervous and circulatory systems. .
One of the advantages of physiotherapy is that it is drug-free, which means there is no risk of allergic reactions and side effects, and no development of dependence on the drugs and treatments used. usually non-invasive.
A correctly selected complex of rehabilitation program will help the patient to recover as quickly as possible after an illness, injury or surgery, returning to him the feeling of freedom of movement and the ability tocommunicate with people around without restrictions.